Relationship between air masses formed in the Antarctic Region and extreme minimum temperature events in Southern Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53660/CONJ-258-108Palavras-chave:
sea ice, anticyclone, air masses, atmospheric circulation, synoptic meteorologyResumo
Antarctic is a region of origin of air masses that move and enter the Southern region of Brazil, driven by synoptic-scale atmospheric systems, which can have detrimental effects on the region. In this study, data from the weather station located in Pinheiro Machado-RS were used, where periods were analyzed during the southern winter of 2019, and 3 events with negative minimum temperature were identified. To identify the trajectory and surface characteristics of these masses, the HYSPLIT model was used, together with ERA5 reanalysis data. The results indicated that there are significant correlations with elements already known in the literature, starting with the presence of the anticyclone in the Southeast Pacific, followed by positive (negative) correlations of air and ocean temperatures in the Southwest Atlantic and central Argentina, associated with negative anomalies (positive) sea ice cover in the Bellingshausen Sea (west sector of the Weddell Sea). These conditions provide displacements totally different from the air masses in the South America, a displacement from the northeast in Case 1, by the east side of the continent in Case 2, while in Case 3 the air mass started to act on the continent in 50° S, on the west coast of the continent.
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