Photocatalytic reactors and their scale up: literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53660/CONJ-1071-Q11Palavras-chave:
Heterogeneous photocatalysis, Photocatalytic reactor, Scale upResumo
As reações de fotocatálise tem sido muito estudadas para a degradação de substâncias recalcitrantes. Sabe-se que a ativação do fotocatalisador ocorre com a absorção de fótons de energia maior ou igual ao band gap, fazendo com que elétrons da banda de valência sejam transferidos para a banda de condução, surgindo então uma lacuna na banda de valência. Em escala laboratorial muitos trabalhos já foram desenvolvidos. A configuração mais utilizada é o reator cilíndrico, onde a fonte de iluminação é colocada ao centro, mergulhado no meio reacional, protegida por uma célula de quartzo. As lâmpadas de Xenônio, LED e mercúrio são as mais utilizadas devido ao comprimento de onda no qual emitem radiação eletromagnética. Também são utilizados catalisadores heterogêneos para melhorar a eficiência do processo, porém quando utilizados dispersos no meio, há uma dificuldade em separá-los após a operação, e quando utilizados imobilizados, existem barreiras relacionadas à sua fixação no sistema. Para o aumento de escala, observou-se alteração na fonte de iluminação para a luz solar, substituição do quartzo pelo vidro, e diferentes formas de reutilizar os catalisadores para uma maior economia.
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