Interação ervas-plântulas de lenhosas na regeneração natural de floresta jovem e madura da vegetação da caatinga
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53660/CONJ-1407-AG23Palavras-chave:
Interação planta-planta, herbáceas, recrutamento, sobrevivência, semiáridoResumo
Objetivou-se avaliar a influência das ervas sobre o recrutamento e sobrevivência de plântulas lenhosas em florestas jovem (FJ) e madura (FM) de caatinga. Foram estabelecidas 50 parcelas (1x1m) pareadas (com e sem ervas), distribuídas em cada floresta. Todas as plântulas foram marcadas e o número mensal de novos nascimentos foi registrado. As sobrevivências das coortes de plântulas de todas as parcelas foram quantificadas. Foram registradas 14 espécies de plântulas lenhosas nas florestas. A densidade de ervas foi maior na FJ. Houve diferença no total de plântulas lenhosas entre as florestas e diferença nos nascimentos e mortes entre as parcelas com e sem ervas na FJ. Nas duas florestas, mortalidade tendeu a ser maior nos meses da estação chuvosa. Houve relação de dependência entre densidade de ervas e densidade de regenerantes lenhosos na FJ e na FM. Em ambas as florestas, a sobrevivência das coortes de plântulas foi maior quando o recrutamento ocorreu no início da estação chuvosa. Os resultados sugerem que na FJ, a interação erva-plântula parece ser de competição, enquanto na FM a interação parece ser de facilitação, resultando em maior recrutamento e a sobrevivência das coortes na presença das herbáceas.
Downloads
Referências
AGUIAR, B.A. S.; SOARES, E.S.; ARAUJO, V.K.R.; SANTOS, J. M.F.F.; SANTOS, D.M.; SANTOS, A.M.M.; SILVA, K.A.; SOUZA, J.T.; ARAÚJO, E.L. The effect of reducing soil water availability on the growth and reproduction of a drought-tolerant herb. Acta oecologica-international journal of ecology, v. 107, p. 103617, 2020.
ALBUQUERQUE, U.P.; ARAÚJO, E.L; CASTRO, C.C.; ALVES, R.R.N. People and Natural Resources in the Caatinga. In: Silva J., Leal I., Tabarelli M. (eds) Caatinga: The Largest Tropical Dry Forest Region in South America. 1ed.: Springer International Publishing, pp. 303-333, 2017.
ANDRADE, J.R.; LOPES, C.G.R.; SILVA, K.A.; SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; LIMA, E.N.; SALES, P.S.; AGUIAR, B.A.S.; SILVA, S.I.; ARAUJO, V.K.R.; SANTOS, D.M.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Short timescale regeneration in a tropical dry forest in Brazil. Research, Society and Development, v. 11, p. e29411527880, 2022.
ANDRADE, J.R.; SILVA, K.A.; SANTOS, J.M.F.; SANTOS, D.M.; GUERRA, T.P.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Influence of microhabitats on the performance of herbaceous species in areas of mature and secondary forest in the semiarid region of Brazil. Revista de Biologia Tropical, v. 63, n. 2, p. 357-368, 2015.
ANTONGIOVANNI, M.; VENTICINQUE, E.M.; MATSUMOTO, M.; FONSECA, C. R. Chronic anthropogenic disturbance on Caatinga dry forest fragments. Journal of Applied Ecology, v. 57, n. 10, p. 2064-2074. 2020.
ARAUJO, V.K.R.; SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; ARAÚJO, E.L.; MAGALHÃES, R.M.P.; SILVA, K.A. Influence of leaf morphometric variations on the growth of seedlings and juveniles of woody species in a semiarid environment. Brazilian Journal Botany, v. 40, n. 4, p. 1019-1028, 2017.
ARAÚJO, E.L.; SILVA, K.A.; FERRAZ, E.M.N.; SAMPAIO, E.V.S.B.; SILVA, S.I. Diversidade de herbáceas em microhabitats rochoso, plano e ciliar em uma área de caatinga, Caruaru, PE, Brasil. Acta Botanica Brasilica, v. 19, n. 2, p. 285-294, 2005a.
ARAÚJO, E. L.; MARTINS, F. R.; SANTOS, A.M. Establishment and death of two dry tropical forest woody species in dry and rainy seasons in northeastern Brazil. In: Nogueira, R. J. M. C.; Araújo, E. L.; Willadino, L. G.; Cavalcante, U. M. T. (eds.). Estresses ambientais: danos e benefícios em plantas. Recife: Imprensa Universitária da UFRPE, pp. 76-91, 2005b.
ARAÚJO, E.L.; CASTRO, C.C.; ALBUQUERQUE, U.P. Dynamics of Brazilian Caatinga – A review concerning the plants, environment and people. Functional Ecosystems and Communities, v. 1, p. 15-28, 2007.
DAI, A. Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models. Nature Climate Change, v. 3, n. 1, p. 52-58, 2013.
DAVIS, M.A.; WRAGE, K.J.; REICH, P.B.; TJOELKER, M.G.; SCHAEFFER, T.; MUERMANN, C. Survival, growth, and photosynthesis of tree seedlings competing with herbaceous vegetation along a water-light-nitrogen gradient. Plant Ecology, v. 145, p. 341-350, 1999.
DAVIS, M.A.; WRAGE, K.L.; REICH, P.B. Competicion between tree seedlings and herbaceous vegetation: support for a theory of resource supply and demand. Journal of ecology, v. 86, p. 652-661, 1998.
DUNCAN, R. S.; CHAPMAN, C.A. Seed dispersal and potential forest succession in abandoned agriculture in tropical Africa. Ecological Applications, v. 9, n. 3, p. 998-1008, 1999.
FAYOLLE, A.; VIOLLE, C.; NAVAS, M. Differential impacts of plant interactions on herbaceous species recruitment: disentangling factors controlling emergence, survival and growth of seedlings. Oecologia, v. 159, p. 817–825, 2009.
FEITOZA, M.O.M.; ARAUJO, E.L.; SAMPAIO, E.V.S. B.; KIIL, L.H.P. Fitossociologia e danos foliares ocorrentes na comunidade herbácea de uma área de caatinga em Petrolina, PE. In: Moura, A.N.; Araújo, E.L.; Albuquerque, U.P. (Org.). Biodiversidade, potencial econômico e processos ecofisiológicos em ecossistemas nordestinos. 1ed.Recife: Comunigraf, v. 1, pp. 13-38, 2008.
FULLER, D.O. Canopy phenology of some mopane and miombo woodlands in eastern Zambia. Global Ecology and Biogeography, v. 8, p. 199-209, 1999.
IPCC, Panel on Climate Change. L. Pachauri, Rajenda K.; Meyer (Ed.) Climate Change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Genebra, Suiça, 2014.
KNOOP, W.T.; WALKER, B.H. Interactions of woody and herbaceous vegetation in a southern African savana. Journal of Ecology, v. 73, n. 1, p. 235-253, 1985.
LOPES, C.G.R.; FERRAZ, E.M.N.; CASTRO, C.C.; LIMA, E.N.; SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Forest succession and distance from preserved patches in the Brazilian semiarid region. Forest Ecology and Management, v. 271, p. 115-123, 2012.
McLAREN, K.P.; McDONALD, M.A. The effects of moisture and shade on seed germination and seedling survival in a tropical dry forest in Jamaica. Forest Ecology and Management, v. 183, n. 1-3, p. 61-75, 2003.
NIPPERT, J.B.; KNAPP, A.K.; BRIGGS, J.M. Intra-annual rainfall variability and grassland productivity: can the past predict the future? Plant Ecology, v. 184, p. 65-74, 2006.
PEREIRA, I.M.; ANDRADE, L.A.; SAMPAIO, E.V.S.B.; BARBOSA, M.R.V. Use-history effects on structure and flora of caatinga. Biotropica, v. 35, n. 2, p. 154-165, 2003.
PETERS, D.P.C. Plant species dominancy at a grassland-Shrubland ecotone: and individual-based gap dynamics model of herbaceous and species woody. Ecological modeling, v. 152, n. 1, p. 5-32, 2002
REIS, A.M.S.; ARAÚJO, E.L.; FERRAZ, E.M.N.; MOURA, A.N. Inter-annual variations in the floristic and population struture of herbaceous community of “caatinga” vegetation in Pernambuco, Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Botânica, v. 29, n. 3, p. 497-508, 2006.
SANTOS, M.G.; OLIVEIRA, M.T.; FIGUEIREDO, K.V.; FALCÃO, H.M.; ARRUDA, E.C.P.; ALMEIDA-CORTEZ, J.; SAMPAIO, E.V.S.B.; OMETTO, J.P.H.B.; MENEZES, R.S.C.; OLIVEIRA, A.F.M.; POMPELLI, M.F.; ANTONINO, A.C.D. Caatinga, the Brazilian dry tropical forest: can it tolerate climate changes? Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology, v. 26, p. 83-99, 2014.
SANTOS, D.M.; SILVA, K.A.; ALBUQUERQUE, U.P.; SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; LOPES, C.G.R.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Can spatial variation and inter-annual variation in precipitation explain the seed density and species richness of the germinable soil seed bank in a tropical dry forest in north-eastern Brazil? Flora, v. 208, n. 7, p. 445-452, 2013a.
SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; SANTOS, D.M.; LOPES, C.G.R.; SILVA, K.A.; SAMPAIO, E.V.S.B.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Natural regeneration of the herbaceous community in a semiarid region in Northeastern Brazil. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, v. 185, n. 11, p. 8287-8302, 2013b.
SANTOS, D.M.; SILVA, K.A.; SANTOS, F.F.M.J.; ARAUJO, V.K.R.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Composition, species richness, and density of the germinable seed bank over 4 years in young and mature forests in Brazilian semiarid regions. Journal of Arid Environments, v. 129, p. 93-101, 2016.
SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; SILVA, K.A.; LIMA, E.N.; SANTOS, M.S.; PIMENTEL, R.M.M.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Dinâmica de duas populações herbáceas de uma área de caatinga, Pernambuco, Brasil. Revista de Geografia, v. 26, n. 2, p. 142-160, 2009.
SANTOS, M.; BARROS, V.; LIMA L.; FROSI, G.; SANTOS, M.G. Whole plant water status and non‐structural carbohydrates under progressive drought in a Caatinga deciduous woody species. Trees, v. 35, p. 1257–1266, 2021.
SCHILLING, E.M.; WARING, B.G.; SCHILLING, J.S. POWERS, J.S. Forest composition modifies litter dynamics and decomposition in regenerating tropical dry forest. Oecologia, v. 182, p. 287-297, 2016.
SCHOLES, R.J.; ARCHER, S.R. Tree-grass interactions in savannas. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, v. 28, p. 517-544, 1997.
SEIFAN, M.; TIELBÖRGER, K.; KADMON, R. Direct and indirect interactions among plants explain counterintuitive positive drought effects on an eastern Mediterranean shrub species. Oikos, v. 119, n. 10, p. 1601-1609, 2010.
SFAIR, J.C.; BELLO, F.; FRANÇA, T.Q.; BALDAUF, C.; TABARELLI, M. Chronic human disturbance affects plant trait distribution in a seasonally dry tropical forest. Environmental Research Letters, v. 13, p. 1-12, 2018.
SILVA, K.A.; ARAÚJO, E.L.; FERRAZ, E.M.N. Estudo florístico do componente herbáceo e relação com solos em áreas de caatinga do embasamento cristalino e bacia sedimentar, Petrolândia, PE, Brasil. Acta Botanica Brasilica, v. 23, n. 1, p. 100-110, 2009.
SILVA, K.A.; SANTOS, D.M.; SANTOS, J.M.F. F.; FERRAZ, E.M.N.; ALBUQUERQUE, U.P.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Spatio-temporal variation in a seed bank of a semi-arid region in northeastern Brazil. Acta Oecologica, v. 46, p. 25-32, 2013a.
SILVA, K.A.; SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; SANTOS, D.M.; FERRAZ, E.M.N.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Spatial variation in the structure and composition of the herbaceous community in a semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, v. 73, n. 1, p. 135-148, 2013b.
SILVA K.A.; ANDRADE J.R., SANTOS J.M.F.F.D.; LOPES C.G.R., FERRAZ E.M.N., ALBUQUERQUE U.P., ARAÚJO E.L. Effect of temporal variation in precipitation on the demography of four herbaceous populations in a tropical dry forest area in Northeastern Brazil. Revista de Biología Tropical, v. 63, n. 4, p. 903-914, 2015.
SILVA, K.A.; SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; ANDRADE, J.R.; LIMA, E.N.; ALBUQUERQUE, U.P.; FERRAZ, E.M.N.; ARAÚJO, E.L. The influence of microhabitat on the population dynamics of four herbaceous species in a semiarid area of northeastern Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, v. 76, n. 1, p. 45-54, 2016.
SILVA, K.A.; SANTOS, J.M.F.F.; SANTOS, D.M.; ANDRADE, J.R.; FERRAZ, E.M. N.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Interactions between the herbaceous and shrubby-arboreal components in a semiarid region in the northeast of Brazil: competition or facilitation? Revista Caatinga, v. 28, n. 3, p. 157-165, 2015.
SILVA, N.F.; HANAZAKI, N.; ALBUQUERQUE, U.P.; CAMPOS, J.L.A.; FEITOSA, I.S.; ARAÚJO, E.L. Local Knowledge and Conservation Priorities of Medicinal Plants near a Protected Area in Brazil. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, v. 2019, p. 1-18, 2019.
SOUZA J.T.; FERRAZ E.M.N.; ALBUQUERQUE U.P.; ARAÚJO E.L. Does proximity to a mature forest contribute to the seed rain and recovery of an abandoned agriculture area in a semiarid climate? Plant Biology, v. 16, p. 748-756, 2013.
SPECHT, M.J.; SANTOS, B.A.; MARSHALL, N.; MELO, F.P.L.; LEAL, I.R.; TABARELLI, M.; BALDAUF, C. Socioeconomic differences among resident, users and neighbour populations of a protected area in the Brazilian dry forest. Journal of Environmental Management, v. 232, p. 607–614, 2019.
VAN der WAAL, C.; KROON, H.; BOER, W.F.; HEITKÖNIG, I.M.A.; SKIDMORE, A.K.; KNEGT, H.J.; LANGEVELDE, F.V.; WIEREN, S.E.V.; GRANT, R.C.; PAGE, B.R.; SLOTOW, R.; KOHI, E.M.; MWAKIWA, E.; PRINS, H.H. T. Water and nutrients alter herbaceous competitive effects on the seedlings in a semi-arid savanna. Journal of Ecology, v. 97, n. 3, p. 430-439, 2009.
VIEIRA, D.L.M.; SCARIOT, A. Principles of Natural Regeneration of Tropical Dry Forests for Restoration. Restoration Ecology, v. 14, n. 1, p. 11-20, 2006.
WIEGAND, K.; SALTZ, D.; WARD, D. A patch-dynamics approach to savanna dynamics and woody plant encroachment – insights from an arid savanna. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics, v. 7, n. 4, p. 229-242, 2006.
ZANNE, A.E.; CHAPMAN, C.A. Expediting reforestation in tropical grasslands: Distance and isolation from seed sources in plantations. Ecological Applications, v. 11, n. 6, p. 1610-1621, 2001.
ZAR, J. H. Biostatistical analysis. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1999.
ZEPPEL, M.J.B.; WILKS, J.V.; LEWIS, J.D. Impacts of extreme precipitation and seasonal changes in precipitation on plants. Biogeosciences, v. 11, n. 11, p. 3083-3093, 2014.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2022 Conjecturas
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
